Terminology

Furyoku

 * Furyoku (巫力, Mana in the english Manga)
 * See More: Furyoku

"Furyoku" is a term used to determine the measure of sixth sense a person possesses. This can be increased by having a near-death experience such as when Asakura Yoh went into the Yohmei's hole to train. More Furyoku means more control over one's spirit and more powerful forms of oversoul. With this power, a shaman can produce an over soul. In the English manga, it is "Mana".

Manjien
The "Mantannian Dictionary" is a "Dictionary/ Encyclopedia/ Compendium of all human knowledge" that Manta frequently consults to find information on people, cultures, and other subjects. The book's Japanese name blends "Manta" with the "Kōjien" (広辞苑) Japanese dictionary. In the English anime, the book is either not given a name or it is called a "ghost story book" or "book about shamans" that Morty carries around.
 * Manjien (万辞苑 Manjien) / Mantannian Dictionary (English manga only)

Seirei-class
The classification for spirits who have existed for 500 years or more and whose souls have shed their physical attachment to achieve their purest form. Sacred--or 'higher'--spirits are more appropriately ghosts who have ascended beyond their ego, enabling them to assume any form or shape freely. After this "ascending", the spirit does not have to become stronger since this is the highest form of power. Only the shaman has to train and grow stronger.
 * Seirei-class ('Sacred Souls' in English Anime, or 'Nature Spirits')

Kami-class
The classification of the most powerful ghosts in shaman king. Eight are known to exist at this time the spirit of fire, The great spirit, Lady Sati's ghost, the big chief, spirit of thunder, spirit of rain, spirit of earth, and the spirit of wind. These ghosts have near bottomless power and can grow stronger by eating other ghosts. The problem is that these ghosts require a lot of furyoku to keep themselves going. The shaman who controls one of these must be incredibly strong and be extremely cautious around them since they will eat any ghost that comes their way.
 * Kami-class(god class)

Over Soul

 * Over Soul(O.S For Short)
 * See More: Over Soul

The Over Soul is the result of a Shaman placing his guardian ghost into an object(Medium) to create a powerfull weapon, or to manifest the ghost into the real world.

Medium
A medium is an object that is used for Oversoul. This could be anything but usually reflects the guardian ghost like Amidimaru's sword of light or Tao Ren's kwan dao. Sometimes the medium is changed to reflect a power increase of the shaman or guardian ghost's power increase. This was the case of both Asakura Yoh and Tao Ren since they both needed a second medium for a power increase and for new techniques.

Patch

 * See More: Patch Tribe

The patch are a native american tribe that officiate the shaman fight. The Patch are known to be good shamans and have developed their own shamanic techniques. The patch are unfortunately known to be very poor, the ten officiants have complained about this but the reason why they are so poor is that every five hundred years they must put up the Penniless shamans in hotels and fix the damage the fights caused to the fight location. The Patch have a policy of make due on your own to the officiants which creates a few problems for them.

Jiang Shi (Kyonshi)
The Jiang Shi are zombies, the Tao Family uses instead of ghosts. They are created from reasonably intact corpses or freshly dead people. The process of creating is simple The body is first striped of all clothing and is changed to a standard uniform or other clothing depending on the final job of zombie. Next the ghost of the deceased or the ghost of another is placed into the body forming a perfect union since the body is a hollow shell. Then the zombie is given a control tag on its head allowing someone to use the zombie. The optional step is to change a zombie's body structure with added things like animal parts or machinery creating a new weapon.